中国藏学

在天山山脉正中央的阿合牙孜河谷中，有一座藏传佛教摩崖造像，其上刻有藏文、托忒文题记及药师佛等佛教图像。该摩崖作为蒙藏民族信仰民俗融合的见证物，具有重要的历史、文化价值。以往关于这些佛教摩崖的研究和介绍多将其视为岩画，从而掩盖了其作为多元文化载体的真实面貌。文章以阿合牙孜河谷佛教摩崖为研究对象，对其内容、形成背景及与古代岩画构成的多元文化内涵展开探究。文章提出，其形成与17—18世纪卫拉特蒙古的强盛及藏传佛教格鲁派在欧亚草原的广泛传播密不可分。目前在中国，刻有藏文、托忒文题记及佛像等图案的完整佛教摩崖仅此一处，且尚未得到学界广泛关注。通过对阿合牙孜河谷佛教摩崖的研究，可勾勒出西域民族文化在伊犁河流域交往交流交融的一个侧面。

In the center of the Tianshan Mountains lies the Agyasi River Valley, there is a Tibetan Buddhism cliff carving. It bears inscriptions in Tibetan script and Todo script, as well as Buddhist images such as the Medicine Buddha(Bhai?ajyaguru). As a witness to the integration of the religious folk customs of the Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, this cliff carving holds significant historical and cultural value. Previous studies and introductions to these Buddhist cliff carvings have mostly classified them as rock paintings, thereby obscuring their identity as a carrier of diverse cultures. This paper takes the Buddhist cliff carvings in the Agyasi River Valley as the research object, and explores their content, formation background, and the diverse cultural connotations they share with ancient rock paintings. The paper argues that the formation of these cliff carvings is closely linked to the prosperity of the Oirat Mongols in the 17th–18th centuries and the widespread spread of the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism across the Eurasian steppes. Currently in China, this is the only complete Buddhist cliff carving that features inscriptions in Tibetan script, Todo script, and Buddha images, yet it has not received widespread attention from the academic community. Through the study of the Buddhist cliff carvings in the Agyasi River Valley, we can outline one aspect of the exchange, interaction, and integration of ethnic cultures in the Western Regions within the Ili River Basin.